Important diets for cognitive health promotion: A Review
Muhammad Zahid Khawar
MS Human
Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Human Nutrition, BZU, Multan
Abstract:
Human brain and
its cognitive ability is an unparalleled gift by the Creator which may be affected
by social, psychological and environmental factors and dietary patterns even
from its very development in mother’s womb but here in these lines we are only
concerned with the diets which may influence its development and ultimate
activity. The latest work suggest that the second trimester maternal pattern of
Aquatic products, Fresh vegetables, and Homonemeae is linked to a decreased
risk of cognitive and gross motor development delays. Homonemeae (with
well-balanced essential amino acids and rich in iodine with neuro-protective
effects) and aquatic products (rich in high-quality protein, omega-3
polyunsaturated fatty acids) in the third trimester showed the significant
association with decreased risk of failing age-appreciate cognitive and
receptive communication development. Iodine shortage causes thyroid hormone
levels to decline, which has an impact on the migration and proliferation of
brain cells in the cortex and hippocampus. Folate and choline through maternal
dietary intake being the methyl donor are essential for closure of neural tube
during foetal development. Chlorogenic acid(CGA) supplementation prevented
cognitive-behavioural disturbances along with other disease, enhanced the
expression of genes enriched in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway
and reduced inflammatory factor expression. CGA is also a promising
intervention strategy to prevent HFFD-induced cognitive impairment.
Mineral(iron, magnesium and zinc), vitamins(B, E, D and C), caffeine, creatine,
probiotics and lutein along with other benefits like improved vision also
helped in reduced risk of cognitive impairment. There is growing evidence that
MIND diets and ketogenic interventions, such as a high-fat KD and a normal diet
with MCT or ketone esters, can improve cognitive function by reducing the
consequences of hypoglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes, mild, moderate, or
severe Alzheimer's disease.
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